Monday, 12 November 2018

'Since' And 'For'

SINCE : Since is used to show exact point of time (Day/Year/Month/Event/Time) in the Past to another moment (in Present or past)
e.g.
1) Rohit has been learning English since 2011.
2) Aniket had been living alone since his father went to another city for job.
   
For : For shows duration. Hours, minutes, days, months or weeks etc.
e.g. : Ajay has been watching T.V. for 5 yrs.
         Ram had been absent for 5 days in first.     
         week of the month.

Since and for can be used as prepositions as well as conjunctions.
'Since' can also be used to mean 'because'
'For' can also be used as 'because'

Since Smita was ill, she did not come to school.
Vivek failed , for he had not studied for a single day.

Tuesday, 6 February 2018

Letter Writing Formal Format

FORMAL LETTERS are OFFICIAL,BUSINESS LETTERS :

There are many types of formal letters. Some important types are mentioned below:

1. Complaint Letter
2. Enquiry Letter
3. Order Letter
4. Letters to the Editor
5. Application Letters

There are few common components in all formal letters they are as follows:
1.Sender's Address
2.Date
3.Receiver's Address
4. Reference: (In case you are replying or sending a letter on behalf of a company)
5.Subject:
6.Salutation (Sir/Madam/Dear Sir/Dear Madam)
7.Main Body
   Thee Paragraphs :
   Para 1
   (Introductory/Reference)
   Para 2
   (Explain Problem/ Issue/ Qualification Experience/     
     Details of the topic)
    Para 3
    (Tactful request/Suggestion/ Appeal)
e.g. Kindly look into the matter and take steps to solve the issue. (Complaint Letter)
        May you please look into the matter to solve the issue? (Complaint Letter)
        I shall be delighted to appear for personal interview. (Job Application)
        I shall be delighted to share more details in personal interview. (Job Application)
         Kindly give due publicity to my letter in your daily. (Letter to the editor)
         Through the columns of your esteemed daily, I would like to appeal/suggest  readers/concerned authorities to (do smg) so that citizens can take a sigh of relief.( Letter to editor)
         Kindly send the catalogue the details of the products and services your company provides.(enquiry)
        Kindly send the above items at your earliest.I am attaching a DD /Cheque/No... of bank Rs.800 as an advance remaining amount will be paid on delivery.( Order)
I request you to send the above items to the above mentioned address and oblige.
8.Complimentary Close
   e.g.
       
Yours sincerely/Yours truly/Yours faithfully
(Signature of Sender)




Ways to pronounce "The"

1) "The" is pronounced as /ðiː/ /दी/ before Vowel Sounds
e.g. : The elephant
         IPA /ðiː/ /ɛlɪfənt/
        IPA:   /ði:/  /ˈæ.nɪ.məl/ 
/ðiː/ दी/ American and /ði/ दि / British

2) "The" is pronounced as /ðə/  / द/ before a Noun beginning with consonant sound:
     e.g. The tall boy,  
             the man , the cow etc.

Tuesday, 16 January 2018

Three Ways to Pronounce '-ed'

'-ed' after Voiceless sounds -
प,        क ,      च,     स,    श ,    थ,     फ, exception /ट/p/      /k/    /tʃ/   /s/  /ʃ/   /θ/    /f/

is pronounced as /t/ ट as in :
           1) walked /वॉक्ट / /wɔːkt/
           2) talked /टॉक्ट  / /tɔːkt/

-'ed' after following sounds
ब,     ड,      ग,      झ,   ज्,    ज ,   व्ह,  र,   म,   ल, य, ह,

/b/, /d/ , /g/ , /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /v/ /r/ /m/ /l/ j/ /h/

is pronounced as  /-d/ ड as in :

Judged /जज्ड/ /dʒʌdʒd/
Dodged / डॉज्ड/ dɒdʒd/
Rubbed /रब्ड/ /rʌbd/  etc
Corrected /करेक्टीड/

'- ed' after sound /d/ or /t/ is pronounced as
'-id' for e.g. wanted /वांटिड /
                    Lauded /लॉडीड/
                    Funded  /फण्डीड/ /ˈfʌndɪd/

Voiceless sounds do not  vibrate vocal Cords during pronunciation. 'ed' is   /t/ /ट/

Voiced Sounds Vibrate Vocal cords during pronunciation. '- ed' is /d / ड after them.