How to Prepare a Classified Advertisement?

Classified advertisement is called as classified because it comes in a particular column and class in the news paper:
Pecularities:
1) Come in a column named Classified
2) Full sentences are not used
3) Only key words are used
4) No pictues
5) Telegraphic language is used
6) Classified advertisement can be of the following types
                    a) Situation Wanted ( Advertiser searches for the Job)
                    b) Situation Vacant (Advertiser searches for the Employees/candidates)
                    c) TO LET (Property to be given on rent)
                    d) TO BUY (Property to be bought)
                    e) FOR SALE ( Something to be sold)
                    f) MATRIMONIALS
                    g) Wanted /Required
7) No pictures to be used
8) Advertisement to be kept in the box at the end
COMPONENTS :
i) Titile: Wanted/Required/ To Let/To Buy/ To Sell/ BUY and Sales
ii) Mention qualification and age, and gender you are looking for
iii)Mention the experience you are looking for
iv) Mention the skills you are looking for
v) Contact person / Address/ email of the advertiser
vi) End : Apply:.................  Or
               Contact..............   Or
               email your resume to
e.g.

Manual and Menial

Manual : (adjective) with hand,  work done with hand
e.g. He earns his living with manual work.

Menial: work that does not require any special training or skill is called menial.
e.g. Rohit did all manial jobs to make his both ends meet.

Difference Between Assassination and Murder

ASSASSINATION : Assassination is a killing some one with political or religious purpose.

                               e.g  1)  Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated. (Political purpose)

                                 2) John Kennedy was assassinated. (Political Purpose)

                                 3) Saint Joan was assassinated. (Religious and political purpose)

MURDER:            1) Deliberate and intentional killing of one human being by the other.

                                e.g :The thief murdered the businessman for his money.

                                 

       

Common Errors in Degrees of Comparisons

Wrong :  1. Rohit is not as tall as her.
                 (Objective Case)
Correct : 1.Rohit is not as tall as she is.
                  (Objective Case)

Wrong :  2. Ajay is not cleverer than me.
Correct: 2. Ajay is not cleverer than I (am) (Subject Position - Subjective Case))

Wrong.: 3. Shivaji was cleverer than brave.
Correct: 3. Shivaji was more clever than brave.
  (Two qualities of a same person take more instead of adding " -er )

Wrong: 4.Varun is one of the most intelligent boy
                 in the school.
Correct: 4.Varun is one of the most intelligent
                  boys in the class.

Wrong : 5.The population of Mumbai is larger
              than Kolkata.
Correct: 5.The population of Mumbai is larger
               than that of kolkata.

Difference Between Affect and Effect

Affect:  It is generally negative influence.
     e.g.  Flood Affected 1000 families.
              The dam affects 20 villages.
            
Effect : (n)  He now feels better it is the effect of the medicine.
               Effect can be good or bad influence.
               (v) effect:
                To make or to bring about,
                to implement
e.g. The new law will be effected from tomorrow.

Difference Born and Borne

Born : taken Birth    

Borne : Past Participle of bear
              Bear (Verb) , Bore:  past tense

PRACTICE and PRACTISE

Practice:  (noun) action of doing something to become                    perfect in it
                  e.g .Practice makes man perfect.
Practise : (verb) study by doing again & again
                  e.g. Michael Phelps Practises 6 to 7 hrs a day.

Speech Writing

Speech Writing: Plan it before writing! Think at least 4-5 Points, Decide their Sequence & example for each.

Format

1) Title:    e.g. Speech :Importance of Ganeshotsav

2)  Para 1 - i)Salutation to the dignitaries, Audience, Wishes, ii)Brief preview of all the points Begin with anecdote, quote, Proverb
3)  Para 2 -   i) Topic Sentence/key Ideas (Generally 1st Sentence of Paregraph tells what the para is about)
                    ii) Explanation of the Key ideasfollow 1st sentence.
                    iii) Example Or Data to justify explanation

 Or Para May also be arranged in the following way.
                                    1. Example
                                    2. Explanation
                                    3. Topic Sentence
4) Para 3  Point i) Topic Sentence
                           ii) Explanation
                          iii) Example
                                                                                 
5)Para - 4 : Point Para Development as above
                                                             
Develop paras as many paras as you wish in the above way keeping the word limit in mind.
6) Concluding Para: 
  i) Can be a sum up Or
ii) Can Suggest solutions Or
iii) Can Appeal the audience to do something
## Effective Begining & End is essential plan proper beginning and end of your speech. Comsider time and Word limit while planning Speech.
## You can use rhetoric questions to emphsize your point
## You can give - or .dot to show pause
## Underline Important point
## Congratulate/Wish/Appeal/Greet/ Console audience according to the Subject and Situation.
## State personal Experience, small anecdote , proverbs, idioms to make your Speech Interesting
  

                                                                         
                                                                

Usage of Tenses with their Structures

PRESENT             PAST                FUTURE Simple A.V: Subject+ V1+O P.V.O + Is/am/are+ V3+by+S         Rule: Third person Singular subject takes ‘-s’or  ‘es’ after  verb. Use:To indicate present habit/usual action A.V.:Subject+V2+O P.V:O+was/were+V3+by+S USE: 1)Indicates  action completed in past. 2)Indicates habit/usual  in past. A.V.: Subject+shall/will+V1+O P.V.:Object+shall/will+be+V3+by+S Use: Indicates Future action Continuous A.V:Subject+is/am/are+v-ing+O P.V.:O+is/am/are+being+V3+by+S Use:1)Indicates that the action is continue now. A.V : Subject+was/was +v-ing+O. P.V.:O+Was/were +being+V3+by +S Use:1) Indicates that action was continue at a particular moment in Past A.V.: Subject+Shall/will+be +V-ing+O No Passive Use: 1)Indicates that the action will be continue at a particular moment in future. Perfect A.V.:Subject+have/has+V3+O P.V.:Objective+have/has+been+V3+by+S Use: 1)Indicates that something just happened. 2) To indicate that something happened in the past but it has influence on present. A.V.: Subject+had+V3+O P.V: Object+had +been+V3+by +S Use: 1) To indicate first action of the two actions which took place in the past. A.V.:Subject+shall have/will have+ V3+O P.V.: Object+ Shallhave/will have+been+V3+by S Use: 1)To indicate that the action  will be over by a particular moment in past. Continuous Perfect A.V.: Subject +have/has +been+v-ing+O P.V : No Passive Use: 1) To indicate that the action is continue for long time(Stated in past continue at present & will continule in future) A.V.: Subject +had +been + v-ing+O  P.V : No Passive Use: 1)To indicate that the action was continue in past for long time. A.V.: Subject + shall/will + have                   +been+v-ing+O P.V : No Passive Use: 1)To indicate that the action will be continue at a particular moment in future for long time.

Debate Writing

        WRITING SKILLS FOR CBSE XI & XII  : DEBATE WRITING 

1) Salutation to the Dignitaries and audience: (1st Para)
    e.g. Honourable chairman, chief guest, respected principal, esteemed judged and my dear                  friends ( Mention the dignitaries present on the occasion) 

2) I am going to express my views for the proposition
                         "Demonetisation will boost Indian economy"

3) Para 1 : Fist reason to justify your vieww
                   Explanation of the reason
                   Example/ Statastical Data

4) Para 2 : Second Reason to justify your views
                   Explanation of the reason 
                   Example or Survey Report to justify and explain the reason

5) Para 3 : As above (You can make 4 to 5 paras each para dealing with 1 point)
                  

Last Para : i) Includes Rebuttal (Assume any one point that your rival may raise and cross it                          tactfully and politely.
                     e.g. I appreciate the concerns expressed by my worthy rival No 3 however/but I                            think Or I appreciate the foresight of my wise friend No 4 but.......
                   ii) Sum up on the basis of above arguments and conclude strongly emphasizing your                       views

                    for e.g. Therefore I strongly /firmly believe that Demonetisation will boost Indian economy and rest my case. Thank you!


 SPECIAL TECHNIQUES YOU CAN USE:
                  1) You can use rhetoric questions
                  2) Use anecdote
                  3) Use Survey reports
                  4) Give examples
                  5) Be extremly polite and tactful in arguments
                      e.g. I appreciate the concerns of my worthy friend No. 5/ Mr Rajesh but/However
                  6) Underline important points with pencil

HAVE DONE SOMTHING and HAVE SOMETHING DONE

Have completed vs Have something completed

I have completed my project work.
    ( It means I completed it)

I have my project work completed.
   ( It means I did not complete it myself but got it completed by someone else.)

ADVICE and ADVISE

    advice  : (noun) exhortations, Suggestion
                 e.g Mahesh followed his father's advice

to advise : (verb transitive) to exhort, to give advice
                e.g. Allen advised his son to study everyday.

Difference between Depend on and Depend upon

Depend on and Depend Upon!

DEPEND ON : Rely on a person or living being

                    e.g. Rohan depends on his parents for financial help.

DEPEND UPON : Rely upon situation or condition

                     e.g.His future depends upon the results.

Difference between Hung and Hanged

Hung and Hanged

Hanged : Past Tense  and Past Participle of to hang (Living things.)

                     e.g. The criminal was hanged by the king

Hung : is also the past tense and past participle of Hang but it is used for non living things.
               
                     e.g. Rohit hung his shirt on the nail.

Difference Between lie and lay, lain and laid,

Lie - lay - to lay- lain - laid - lie - lied

Lie - lay - lain - laid - lie - lied 

1. to lie:  to recline , to be in a horizontal position ,  to remain in the same position for longer or shorter time
    Past Tense Lied, past participle lied, present participle lying,  lain Past Participle inflection of lie

2.to lie : to speak false: to make intentionally false statement Past tense  lied  and past participle

3. to lay: (transitive verb) to spread something on the ground : to keep something on the ground
     laid is a past tense and past participle of lay